The '60s: A Time Line

For ease of traversing this page, the following color codes are used:

Blue - Civil Rights
Green-Vietnam War
Red=Student Movement
Purple=Other Social Movements
Teal=Music
Political-Black

1954

*Brown v Board of Education... Supreme Court orders desegregation of public schools

1955

* Rosa parks arrested for refusing to move to the back of a bus in Montgomery, Alabama

* NAACP sponsors boycott of Montgomery, Alabama bus line

* Martin Luther King, Jr. organizes the Southern Christian Leadership Conference

1956

* South Vietnamese President Ngo Dinh Diem cancels UN sponsored elections for Vietnamese unification. Viet Cong resistance initiated.

*?? Dr. Humphry Osmond coins the word "psychedelic"

1957

* Federal military intervention used to integrate Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas

* Civil Rights Act of 1957 creates the Civil Rights Commission

1958

1959

*Allen Ginsberg tried LSD for the first time

1960

*January - Civil rights demonstrations in Atlanta

*May 6 - Civil Rights Act of 1960 signed by Eisenhower imposes legal penalties for interference with the right to vote

*Greensboro, N.C. becomes the site of the first lunch-counter demonstration by students at N.C.A&T College

*Student Non-Violence Coordinating Committee organized in Raleigh, N.C.

*August 9 - Timothy Leary, 39, tries psilocybin mushrooms

*Dec. - Birth Control Pills go on sale in the U.S.

1961

* April 11 - Bay of Pigs, Cuba U.S. planned invasion defeated

*May 4 - Freedom Riders leave DC for tour to test integration in bus stations

1962

*Feb. 16 - SANE & fledgling SDA hold first anti-nuclear march on Washington, DC

* Oct. 22 - Cuban Missile Crisis - Soviet missle bases in Cuba, Kennedy orders naval blockade

1963

*Jan. - Alabama Gov. George Wallace delivers "Segregation Forever" speech at inauguration

*June 12 - Civil rights activist Medgar Evers assassinated.

*July 26-28 - Newport Folk Festival features Bob Dyland, Joan Baez, Phil Ochs & Pete Seeger

*Aug. 28 - Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream" speech delivered in Washinton, DC

*Nov. 22 - President JFK assassinated in Dallas, Texas

*Nov 29 - Beatles "I Want to Hold Your Hand" Released.

*Timothy Leary and Richard Alpert fired from Harvard

*1964

*"Dr. Strangelove" a Stanley Kubeck film classic, a comic parody on the Cold War opens.

*Berkeley Free Speech Movement begins

*Jan. 8 - LBJ declares "War on Poverty" in State of the Union address

*Feb. 7 - Beatles arrive in New York to begin US tour

*Feb. 9 - Beatles appear on Ed Sullivan Show: 74 million people watch, the largest audience in the history of TV

*Freedom Summer begins

*Aug. 2-4 - Tonkin Gulf incident leads to direct U.S. military action in Vietnam

*Oct. 24 - Martin L. King, Jr. awarded Nobel Peace Prize

*Secret bombing of Laos authorized by President Johnson

1965

*first contingent of U.S. marines land at Da Nang, March 8

*Civil Rights Act enacted

*Watts riot in Los Angeles ushers in the "long, hot, summer."

*U.S. troop strength in S. Vietnam reaches 85,000

*1966

*Jan 3 - The Psychedelic Shop (head shop) opens on Haight St., S.F.

*Mar 11 - Timothy Leary sentenced in Texas to 30 years for trying to cross into Mexico with marijuana

*May 1. Anti-war demonstration in N.Y. brings out 25,000. Other protests in 7 U.S. cities

* May 15 - Antiwar protest in DC, 10,000 attend

*August - Red Guard initiates "Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution" in China.

*Black Panther Party formed

*1967

*Apr 5 - Grayline starts hippie tours of Haight/Ashbury

*Apr 10 - Vietnam Week starts. Draft card burnings and anti-draft demonstrations

* Apr 15 - Anti-Vietnam War protest. 400,000 march from Central Park to U.S.

* May 19 - First U.S. air strike on Hanoi

Jun 2 - "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band" by Beatles released

*Summer of Love highlights Haight-Asbury district of San Francisco

*U.S. forces besieged as Battle of Khe Sanh begins

* Summer of Rioting in U.S. Blacks take to the streets in Chicago, Brooklyn, Cleveland, Baltimore and Newark

*Oct 3 - Woodie Guthrie dies

*Oct 8 - Che Guevarra killed in Bolivia

*Oct 21-22 - Anti-war protesters storm the Pentagon

* Dec 5 - 1000 antiwar protesters try to close NYC induction center. 585 arrested

* Dec 31 - Abbie Hoffman, Jerry Rubin, Paul Krassner, Dick Gregory, & friends pronounce themselves "Yippies"

*1968

*Jan 31 - Tet Offensive launched by Viet Minh

*My Lai Massacre, U.S. troops kill S. Vietnamese civilians

*General Westmoreland replaced as commander in Vietnam

*Mar 31 - President Johnson announces he will not run for President

*Apr 4 - Martin Luther King, Jr assassinated in Memphis, Tenn.

*Apr - The week following death of MLK, Jr., sees uprisings in 125 cities across the US

*Apr 23 - SDS lead students take over 5 buildings at Columbia Univ. 700 arrested.

*May 10 - Vietnam peace talks begin in Paris

*Jun 5 - Bobby Kennedy assassinated by Sirhan Sirhan

*Aug 1 - US troops strength in Vietnam reaches 541,000

*Aug 25-29 - Mass demonstrations/police riot in Chicago at Democratic National Convention

*1969

*Charles Manson and Family initiate "Helter Skelter" murders

*25,00 U.S. troops withdrawn from S. Vietnam, initiation of President Richard M. Nixon's "Vietnamization" program.

*Operation "Phoenix" initiated in S. Vietnam

*President Nixon secretly orders U.S. bombing of Cambodia

*Woodstock Music Festival draws 300,000

*Altamont rock festival - nadier of the youth movement

*1970

*President Nixon orders U.S. ground forces into Cambodia

*Cambodian invasion sparks renewal of campus riots across U.S.

*Kent State Massacre

*Jackson State Massacre

*U.S. Congress repeals Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

* U.S. Congress passes "Cooper-Church" Resolution: U.S. forces to be confined to S. Vietnam

1971

1972

*U.S. troop strength in S. Vietnam down to 6,000

*Break-in at Democratic Party Headquarters at Watergate complex.

1973

*Paris Accords between US, N. Vietnam and S. Vietnam signed. Final U.S. withdrawal from Vietnam